CrPC 412→BNSS 452

CrPC 412 to BNSS 452: Reasons to be recorded

Section 412 CrPC (1973) replaced by Section 452 BNSS (2023)

View CrPC Section 412 →View BNSS Section 452 →

CrPC 412 to BNSS 452 at a Glance

Section 412 CrPC (Reasons to be recorded) is now Section 452 BNSS, in force from 1 July 2024. What changed is set out below.

What Changed From CrPC 412 to BNSS 452?

Section 412 CrPC became Section 452 BNSS from 1 July 2024. The heading is the same. The text is the same, except that Section 452 BNSS refers to Section 448 BNSS, Section 449 BNSS, Section 450 BNSS and Section 451 BNSS where Section 412 CrPC referred to Section 408 CrPC, Section 409 CrPC, Section 410 CrPC and Section 411 CrPC.

CrPC 412 vs BNSS 452: Comparison Table

AspectCrPC 1973 (repealed)BNSS 2023 (in force)
Section412452
HeadingReasons to be recordedSame
Cross-referencess.408s.448

CrPC 412 and BNSS 452: Bare Act Text Side by Side

CrPC 1973 (repealed)

Section 412, CrPC 1973

412. Reasons to be recorded.—A Sessions Judge or Magistrate making an order under section 408, section 409, section 410 or section 411 shall record his reasons for making it.
BNSS 2023 (in force)

Section 452, BNSS 2023

452. Reasons to be recorded.—A Sessions Judge or Magistrate making an order under section 448, section 449, section 450 or section 451 shall record his reasons for making it.

When It Applies: CrPC 412 vs BNSS 452

Under CrPC 412
  1. A Sessions Judge or Magistrate making an order under Section 408 CrPC, Section 409 CrPC, Section 410 CrPC or Section 411 CrPC shall record his reasons for making it.
Under BNSS 452
  1. A Sessions Judge or Magistrate making an order under Section 448 BNSS, Section 449 BNSS, Section 450 BNSS or Section 451 BNSS shall record his reasons for making it.

What CrPC 412 to BNSS 452 Means in Practice

From 1 July 2024, the recording of reasons by a Sessions Judge or Magistrate is found in Section 452 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023. It refers to Section 448 BNSS to Section 451 BNSS in place of Section 408 CrPC to Section 411 CrPC.

FAQs: CrPC 412 to BNSS 452

What changed when Section 412 CrPC became Section 452 BNSS?▼

The section number and the cross-references. Section 452 BNSS has the same heading as Section 412 CrPC and the same text, except that it refers to Section 448 BNSS, Section 449 BNSS, Section 450 BNSS and Section 451 BNSS where Section 412 CrPC referred to Section 408 CrPC, Section 409 CrPC, Section 410 CrPC and Section 411 CrPC.

Which orders does Section 452 BNSS cover?▼

Orders made under Section 448 BNSS, Section 449 BNSS, Section 450 BNSS or Section 451 BNSS. Section 412 CrPC covered orders made under Section 408 CrPC, Section 409 CrPC, Section 410 CrPC or Section 411 CrPC.

Did the heading change from Section 412 CrPC to Section 452 BNSS?▼

No. Both carry the heading Reasons to be recorded.

Disclaimer: This comparison is for informational purposes only. The new criminal laws came into effect on 1 July 2024. Consult a qualified advocate for legal advice.

Sources: Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 · Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 · Last updated: 20 Oct 2026 ·