CrPC 484→BNSS 531

CrPC 484 to BNSS 531: Repeal and savings

Section 484 CrPC (1973) replaced by Section 531 BNSS (2023)

View CrPC Section 484 →View BNSS Section 531 →

CrPC 484 to BNSS 531 at a Glance

Section 484 CrPC (Repeal and savings) is now Section 531 BNSS, in force from 1 July 2024. What changed is set out below.

What Changed From CrPC 484 to BNSS 531?

Section 484 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 was replaced by Section 531 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 from 1 July 2024. The heading is the same. Section 531(1) BNSS names the Code of 1973 as repealed where Section 484(1) CrPC named the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 as repealed. Section 531(2) BNSS and Section 531(3) BNSS read this Sanhita where Section 484(2) CrPC and Section 484(3) CrPC read this Code, and read the said Code where they read the old Code or the Old Code. Section 531(2)(b) BNSS reads forms provided by rules and specified where Section 484(2)(b) CrPC read forms prescribed and prescribed. Section 531(3) BNSS reads specified where Section 484(3) CrPC read prescribed. Section 531 BNSS has no counterpart to the proviso to Section 484(2)(a) CrPC or to Section 484(2)(d) CrPC.

CrPC 484 vs BNSS 531: Comparison Table

AspectCrPC 1973 (repealed)BNSS 2023 (in force)
Section484531
HeadingRepeal and savingsSame
Sub-sections3 sub-sectionsSame

CrPC 484 and BNSS 531: Bare Act Text Side by Side

CrPC 1973 (repealed)

Section 484, CrPC 1973

484. Repeal and savings.—(1) The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (5 of 1898), is hereby repealed. (2) Notwithstanding such repeal— (a) if, immediately before the date on which this Code comes into force, there is any appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation pending, then, such appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation shall be disposed of, continued, held or made, as the case may be, in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (5 of 1898), as in force immediately before such commencement (hereinafter referred to as the old Code), as if this Code had not come into force: Provided that every inquiry under Chapter XVIII of the Old Code, which is pending at the commencement of this Code, shall be dealt with and disposed of in accordance with the provisions of this Code; (b) all notifications published, proclamations issued, powers conferred, forms prescribed, local jurisdictions defined, sentences passed and orders, rules and appointments, not being appointments as Special Magistrates, made under the Old Code and which are in force immediately before the commencement of this Code, shall be deemed, respectively, to have been published, issued, conferred, prescribed, defined, passed or made under the corresponding provisions of this Code; (c) any sanction accorded or consent given under the Old Code in pursuance of which no proceeding was commenced under that Code, shall be deemed to have been accorded or given under the corresponding provisions of this Code and proceedings may be commenced under this Code in pursuance of such sanction or consent; (d) the provisions of the Old Code shall continue to apply in relation to every prosecution against a Ruler within the meaning of article 363 of the Constitution. (3) Where the period prescribed for an application or other proceeding under the Old Code had expired on or before the commencement of this Code, nothing in this Code shall be construed as enabling any such application to be made or proceeding to be commenced under this Code by reason only of the fact that a longer period therefor is prescribed by this Code or provisions are made in this Code for the extension of time.
BNSS 2023 (in force)

Section 531, BNSS 2023

531. Repeal and savings.—(1) The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 is hereby repealed. (2) Notwithstanding such repeal— (a) if, immediately before the date on which this Sanhita comes into force, there is any appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation pending, then, such appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation shall be disposed of, continued, held or made, as the case may be, in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, as in force immediately before such commencement (hereinafter referred to as the said Code), as if this Sanhita had not come into force; (b) all notifications published, proclamations issued, powers conferred, forms provided by rules, local jurisdictions defined, sentences passed and orders, rules and appointments, not being appointments as Special Magistrates, made under the said Code and which are in force immediately before the commencement of this Sanhita, shall be deemed, respectively, to have been published, issued, conferred, specified, defined, passed or made under the corresponding provisions of this Sanhita; (c) any sanction accorded or consent given under the said Code in pursuance of which no proceeding was commenced under that Code, shall be deemed to have been accorded or given under the corresponding provisions of this Sanhita and proceedings may be commenced under this Sanhita in pursuance of such sanction or consent. (3) Where the period specified for an application or other proceeding under the said Code had expired on or before the commencement of this Sanhita, nothing in this Sanhita shall be construed as enabling any such application to be made or proceeding to be commenced under this Sanhita by reason only of the fact that a longer period therefor is specified by this Sanhita or provisions are made in this Sanhita for the extension of time.

When It Applies: CrPC 484 vs BNSS 531

Under CrPC 484
  1. Under Section 484(1) CrPC, the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 is hereby repealed.
  2. Section 484(2)(a) CrPC speaks of an appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation pending immediately before the date on which this Code comes into force.
  3. Under Section 484(2)(a) CrPC, that appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation shall be disposed of, continued, held or made, as the case may be, in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, as if this Code had not come into force.
  4. The proviso to Section 484(2)(a) CrPC provides that every inquiry under Chapter XVIII of the Old Code, which is pending at the commencement of this Code, shall be dealt with and disposed of in accordance with the provisions of this Code.
  5. Under Section 484(2)(b) CrPC, notifications published, proclamations issued, powers conferred, forms prescribed, local jurisdictions defined, sentences passed and orders, rules and appointments, not being appointments as Special Magistrates, made under the Old Code and in force immediately before the commencement of this Code, shall be deemed to have been made under the corresponding provisions of this Code.
  6. Under Section 484(2)(c) CrPC, any sanction accorded or consent given under the Old Code in pursuance of which no proceeding was commenced under that Code shall be deemed to have been accorded or given under the corresponding provisions of this Code.
  7. Under Section 484(2)(d) CrPC, the provisions of the Old Code shall continue to apply in relation to every prosecution against a Ruler within the meaning of article 363 of the Constitution.
  8. Section 484(3) CrPC speaks of a period prescribed for an application or other proceeding under the Old Code which had expired on or before the commencement of this Code.
Under BNSS 531
  1. Under Section 531(1) BNSS, the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 is hereby repealed.
  2. Section 531(2)(a) BNSS speaks of an appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation pending immediately before the date on which this Sanhita comes into force.
  3. Under Section 531(2)(a) BNSS, that appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation shall be disposed of, continued, held or made, as the case may be, in accordance with the provisions of the said Code, as in force immediately before such commencement, as if this Sanhita had not come into force.
  4. Under Section 531(2)(b) BNSS, notifications published, proclamations issued, powers conferred, forms provided by rules, local jurisdictions defined, sentences passed and orders, rules and appointments, not being appointments as Special Magistrates, made under the said Code and in force immediately before the commencement of this Sanhita, shall be deemed to have been made under the corresponding provisions of this Sanhita.
  5. Under Section 531(2)(c) BNSS, any sanction accorded or consent given under the said Code in pursuance of which no proceeding was commenced under that Code shall be deemed to have been accorded or given under the corresponding provisions of this Sanhita.
  6. Section 531(3) BNSS speaks of a period specified for an application or other proceeding under the said Code which had expired on or before the commencement of this Sanhita.

Time Limits: CrPC 484 to BNSS 531

Under CrPC 484
  • Section 484(2)(a) CrPC speaks of an appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation pending immediately before the date on which this Code comes into force.Act text: “if, immediately before the date on which this Code comes into force, there is any appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation pending”
  • Section 484(3) CrPC speaks of a period prescribed under the Old Code which had expired on or before the commencement of this Code.Act text: “Where the period prescribed for an application or other proceeding under the Old Code had expired on or before the commencement of this Code”
Under BNSS 531
  • Section 531(2)(a) BNSS speaks of an appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation pending immediately before the date on which this Sanhita comes into force.Act text: “if, immediately before the date on which this Sanhita comes into force, there is any appeal, application, trial, inquiry or investigation pending”
  • Section 531(3) BNSS speaks of a period specified under the said Code which had expired on or before the commencement of this Sanhita.Act text: “Where the period specified for an application or other proceeding under the said Code had expired on or before the commencement of this Sanhita”

What CrPC 484 to BNSS 531 Means in Practice

From 1 July 2024, the repeal and savings provision is found in Section 531 BNSS instead of Section 484 CrPC. Section 531 BNSS has no counterpart to the proviso to Section 484(2)(a) CrPC, which concerned inquiries under Chapter XVIII of the Old Code, or to Section 484(2)(d) CrPC, which concerned prosecutions against a Ruler.

FAQs: CrPC 484 to BNSS 531

Which section of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 is Section 484 CrPC found in?▼

From 1 July 2024, Section 484 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 is found in Section 531 BNSS. Section 484(1) CrPC is found in Section 531(1) BNSS, Section 484(2)(a) CrPC in Section 531(2)(a) BNSS, Section 484(2)(b) CrPC in Section 531(2)(b) BNSS, Section 484(2)(c) CrPC in Section 531(2)(c) BNSS and Section 484(3) CrPC in Section 531(3) BNSS.

Does Section 531 BNSS have a counterpart to the proviso to Section 484(2)(a) CrPC and to Section 484(2)(d) CrPC?▼

Section 531 BNSS has no counterpart to the proviso to Section 484(2)(a) CrPC, which read that every inquiry under Chapter XVIII of the Old Code, which is pending at the commencement of this Code, shall be dealt with and disposed of in accordance with the provisions of this Code. Section 531 BNSS also has no counterpart to Section 484(2)(d) CrPC, which read that the provisions of the Old Code shall continue to apply in relation to every prosecution against a Ruler within the meaning of article 363 of the Constitution.

What changed between Section 484(1) CrPC and Section 531(1) BNSS?▼

Section 484(1) CrPC read that the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 is hereby repealed. Section 531(1) BNSS reads that the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 is hereby repealed.

Disclaimer: This comparison is for informational purposes only. The new criminal laws came into effect on 1 July 2024. Consult a qualified advocate for legal advice.

Sources: Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 · Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 · Last updated: 22 Oct 2026 ·