IPC 148 to BNS 191(3): Rioting, armed with deadly weapon
Section 148 IPC (1860) replaced by Section 191(3) BNS (2023)
IPC 148 to BNS 191(3) at a Glance
Section 148 IPC (Rioting, armed with deadly weapon) is now Section 191(3) BNS, in force from 1 July 2024. Under the BNS it is bailable and cognizable. What changed is set out below.
What Changed From IPC 148 to BNS 191(3)?
Section 148 IPC is now Section 191(3) BNS. The BNS gathers rioting, its punishment and the armed form into one section headed Rioting, and Section 191(3) BNS repeats the words of Section 148 IPC but for the term. The longest term of imprisonment is raised from three years to five years. The imprisonment of either description, the fine and the words that describe the offence are unchanged.
IPC 148 vs BNS 191(3): Comparison Table
| Aspect | IPC 1860 (repealed) | BNS 2023 (in force) |
|---|---|---|
| Section | 148 | 191(3) |
| Offence | Rioting, armed with deadly weapon | Same |
| Punishment | Imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years, or fine, or both. | Imprisonment of either description for up to five years. |
| Fine | Fine with no fixed limit, alone or with imprisonment. | The offender may be punished with fine alone or with both imprisonment and fine. |
| Bail | Bailable | Same |
| Cognizance | Cognizable | Same |
| Compoundable | Non-Compoundable | Same |
| Triable By | Magistrate of the first class | Same |
IPC 148 and BNS 191(3): Bare Act Text Side by Side
Section 148, IPC 1860
Section 191(3), BNS 2023
Ingredients: IPC 148 vs BNS 191(3)
- Force or violence was used by an unlawful assembly, or by a member of it, in prosecution of the common object of that assembly
- The assembly was an unlawful assembly under Section 141 IPC, an assembly of five or more persons whose common object is one of those the section lists
- The accused was a member of that assembly and so guilty of rioting under Section 146 IPC
- The accused was armed with a deadly weapon or with anything which, used as a weapon of offence, is likely to cause death
- Force or violence used by an unlawful assembly, or by any member of it, in prosecution of the common object of that assembly, which is rioting under Section 191(1) BNS
- The accused was guilty of that rioting
- Being armed with a deadly weapon or with anything which, used as a weapon of offence, is likely to cause death
What IPC 148 to BNS 191(3) Means for Pending Cases
FAQs: IPC 148 to BNS 191(3)
What changed when Section 148 IPC became Section 191(3) BNS?▼
The longest term of imprisonment. Section 191(3) BNS repeats the words of Section 148 IPC but raises the term from three years to five years. The punishment is still imprisonment of either description, or fine, or both.
Where does Section 148 IPC sit in the BNS?▼
In Section 191(3) BNS, in Chapter XI, Of Offences Against the Public Tranquillity. Section 191 BNS is headed Rioting and also holds the meaning of rioting and its general punishment.
Does Section 148 IPC or Section 191(3) BNS apply to an act done before 1 July 2024?▼
Section 148 IPC. Section 358 BNS repealed the IPC from 1 July 2024 but saves any liability already incurred under it, so an act done before that date is still dealt with under Section 148 IPC. Section 191(3) BNS governs acts done on or after 1 July 2024.
Disclaimer: This comparison is for informational purposes only. The new criminal laws came into effect on 1 July 2024. Consult a qualified advocate for legal advice.
Sources: Indian Penal Code, 1860 · Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 · Last updated: 16 Oct 2026 ·