IPC 25 to BNS 2(9): “Fraudulently”
Section 25 IPC (1860) replaced by Section 2(9) BNS (2023)
IPC 25 to BNS 2(9) at a Glance
Section 25 IPC (“Fraudulently”) is now Section 2(9) BNS, in force from 1 July 2024. What changed is set out below.
What Changed From IPC 25 to BNS 2(9)?
Section 2(9) BNS states the definition as fraudulently means doing anything with the intention to defraud but not otherwise. The IPC said a person is said to do a thing fraudulently if he does that thing with intent to defraud but not otherwise. Intent becomes intention; the test is the same, and the closing words but not otherwise are kept.
IPC 25 vs BNS 2(9): Comparison Table
| Aspect | IPC 1860 (repealed) | BNS 2023 (in force) |
|---|---|---|
| Section | 25 | 2(9) |
| Offence | “Fraudulently” | Same |
| Punishment | None. Section 25 IPC creates no offence. | None. Section 2(9) BNS creates no offence. |
| Fine | None. | Same |
| Bail | Non-Bailable | Same |
| Cognizance | Non-Cognizable | Same |
| Compoundable | Non-Compoundable | Same |
IPC 25 and BNS 2(9): Bare Act Text Side by Side
Section 25, IPC 1860
Section 2(9), BNS 2023
Ingredients: IPC 25 vs BNS 2(9)
- An act done by the person
- An intent to defraud when doing it
- An act done by the person
- With the intention to defraud when doing it
- And not otherwise
What IPC 25 to BNS 2(9) Means for Pending Cases
FAQs: IPC 25 to BNS 2(9)
Did the meaning of fraudulently change when Section 25 IPC became Section 2(9) BNS?▼
No. Section 2(9) BNS keeps intent to defraud as the only test and keeps the words but not otherwise. Only the form of the sentence changed.
Section 25 IPC: does the BNS define defraud?▼
No. Like the IPC, the BNS defines fraudulently but leaves the word defraud undefined.
Does Section 25 IPC or Section 2(9) BNS apply to an act done before 1 July 2024?▼
Section 25 IPC. Section 358 BNS repealed the IPC from 1 July 2024 but saves any liability already incurred under it, so an act done before that date is still dealt with under Section 25 IPC. Section 2(9) BNS governs acts done on or after 1 July 2024.
Disclaimer: This comparison is for informational purposes only. The new criminal laws came into effect on 1 July 2024. Consult a qualified advocate for legal advice.
Sources: Indian Penal Code, 1860 · Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 · Last updated: 16 Oct 2026 ·