IPC 431 in BNS: Find the New Section and What Changed

IPC 431 vs BNS 326(b): Comparison Table

Aspect	IPC 1860 (repealed)	BNS 2023 (in force)
Section	431	326(b)
Offence	Mischief by injury to public road, bridge, river or channel	Same
Punishment	Imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years.	Same
Fine	The court may impose fine alone, or fine in addition to imprisonment.	Same
Bail	Bailable	Same
Cognizance	Cognizable	Same
Compoundable	Non-Compoundable	Same
Triable By	Magistrate of the first class	Same

IPC 431 and BNS 326(b): Bare Act Text Side by Side

IPC 1860 (repealed)

Section 431, IPC 1860

431. Mischief by injury to public road, bridge, river or channel.—Whoever commits mischief by doing any act which renders or which he knows to be likely to render any public road, bridge, navigable river or navigable channel, natural or artificial, impassable or less safe for travelling or conveying property, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years, or with fine, or with both.

BNS 2023 (in force)

Section 326(b), BNS 2023

Whoever commits mischief by,— (b) doing any act which renders or which he knows to be likely to render any public road, bridge, navigable river or navigable channel, natural or artificial, impassable or less safe for travelling or conveying property, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years, or with fine, or with both;

Ingredients: IPC 431 vs BNS 326(b)

Under IPC 431

The accused committed mischief as defined in Section 425 IPC
The act rendered, or the accused knew it to be likely to render, a public road, bridge, navigable river or navigable channel impassable or less safe for travelling or conveying property
The river or channel may be natural or artificial

Under BNS 326(b)

Commission of mischief by an act which renders, or is known to be likely to render, a public road, bridge, navigable river or navigable channel impassable or less safe
Punishment under Section 326(b) BNS of imprisonment of either description for up to five years, or with fine, or with both

What IPC 431 to BNS 326(b) Means for Pending Cases

For Section 431 IPC (now Section 326(b) BNS): under Section 326(b) BNS, the offence in Section 431 IPC is carried over without substantive change. A charge for an act done after the BNS came into force cites Section 326(b) BNS.

FAQs: IPC 431 to BNS 326(b)

What changed from Section 431 IPC to Section 326(b) BNS?▼

Nothing of substance. The wording and the punishment are the same, and the provision now sits as clause b of Section 326 BNS.

Where does Section 431 IPC sit in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita?▼

Section 431 IPC is located at Section 326(b) BNS, in Chapter XVII, Of Offences Against Property, under the heading Of mischief.

Does Section 431 IPC or Section 326(b) BNS apply to an act done before 1 July 2024?▼

Section 431 IPC. Section 358 BNS repealed the IPC from 1 July 2024 but saves any liability already incurred under it, so an act done before that date is still dealt with under Section 431 IPC. Section 326(b) BNS governs acts done on or after 1 July 2024.

IPC 431 to BNS 326(b): Mischief by injury to public road, bridge, river or channel

IPC 431 to BNS 326(b) at a Glance

What Changed From IPC 431 to BNS 326(b)?

IPC 431 vs BNS 326(b): Comparison Table

IPC 431 and BNS 326(b): Bare Act Text Side by Side

Ingredients: IPC 431 vs BNS 326(b)

What IPC 431 to BNS 326(b) Means for Pending Cases

FAQs: IPC 431 to BNS 326(b)