IPC 456 to BNS 331(2): Punishment for lurking house-trespass or house-breaking by night
Section 456 IPC (1860) replaced by Section 331(2) BNS (2023)
IPC 456 to BNS 331(2) at a Glance
Section 456 IPC (Punishment for lurking house-trespass or house-breaking by night) is now Section 331(2) BNS, in force from 1 July 2024. Under the BNS it is non-bailable and cognizable. What changed is set out below.
What Changed From IPC 456 to BNS 331(2)?
Section 456 IPC corresponds to Section 331(2) BNS. Section 331 BNS consolidates the punishments for lurking house-trespass and house-breaking into a single provision. The statutory punishment of imprisonment of either description for a term extending up to three years, alongside liability to fine, remains unchanged. In addition, Section 331(2) BNS incorporates the phrase after sunset and before sunrise directly into the text.
IPC 456 vs BNS 331(2): Comparison Table
| Aspect | IPC 1860 (repealed) | BNS 2023 (in force) |
|---|---|---|
| Section | 456 | 331(2) |
| Offence | Punishment for lurking house-trespass or house-breaking by night | Same |
| Punishment | Imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years | Same |
| Fine | The offender is also liable to fine. The statute does not prescribe a mandatory fine or fix a maximum amount. | Same |
| Bail | Non-Bailable | Same |
| Cognizance | Cognizable | Same |
| Compoundable | Non-Compoundable | Same |
| Triable By | Any Magistrate | Same |
IPC 456 and BNS 331(2): Bare Act Text Side by Side
Section 456, IPC 1860
Section 331(2), BNS 2023
Ingredients: IPC 456 vs BNS 331(2)
- The accused committed lurking house-trespass under Section 443 IPC or house-breaking under Section 445 IPC
- The entry or remaining occurred after sunset and before sunrise, constituting lurking house-trespass by night under Section 444 IPC or house-breaking by night under Section 446 IPC
- Commission of lurking house-trespass as defined in Section 330(1) BNS or house-breaking as defined in Section 330(2) BNS
- The offence was committed after sunset and before sunrise
- Punishment of imprisonment of either description for a term up to three years and liability to fine
What IPC 456 to BNS 331(2) Means for Pending Cases
FAQs: IPC 456 to BNS 331(2)
What changed from Section 456 IPC to Section 331(2) BNS?▼
The offence and penalties are unchanged. Section 331(2) BNS reproduces Section 456 IPC as the second sub-section of a consolidated provision, embedding the words after sunset and before sunrise directly into the offence text.
Where does Section 456 IPC sit in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita?▼
It sits in Section 331(2) BNS, in Chapter XVII, Of Offences Against Property, under the sub-heading Of Criminal Trespass.
Does Section 456 IPC or Section 331(2) BNS apply to an act done before 1 July 2024?▼
Section 456 IPC. Section 358 BNS repealed the IPC from 1 July 2024 but saves any liability already incurred under it, so an act done before that date is still dealt with under Section 456 IPC. Section 331(2) BNS governs acts done on or after 1 July 2024.
Disclaimer: This comparison is for informational purposes only. The new criminal laws came into effect on 1 July 2024. Consult a qualified advocate for legal advice.
Sources: Indian Penal Code, 1860 · Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 · Last updated: 16 Oct 2026 ·