CrPC 478→BNSS 524

CrPC 478 to BNSS 524: Power to alter functions allocated to Executive Magistrate in certain cases

Section 478 CrPC (1973) replaced by Section 524 BNSS (2023)

View CrPC Section 478 →View BNSS Section 524 →

CrPC 478 to BNSS 524 at a Glance

Section 478 CrPC (Power to alter functions allocated to Executive Magistrate in certain cases) is now Section 524 BNSS, in force from 1 July 2024. What changed is set out below.

What Changed From CrPC 478 to BNSS 524?

Section 478 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 is found from 1 July 2024 as Section 524 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, with the same heading. The text is the same except for the section numbers named. Section 108 CrPC is Section 127 BNSS, Section 109 CrPC is Section 128 BNSS, Section 110 CrPC is Section 129 BNSS, Section 145 CrPC is Section 164 BNSS and Section 147 CrPC is Section 166 BNSS.

CrPC 478 vs BNSS 524: Comparison Table

AspectCrPC 1973 (repealed)BNSS 2023 (in force)
Section478524
HeadingPower to alter functions allocated to Executive Magistrate in certain casesSame
Cross-referencess.108, s.109, s.110, s.145, s.147s.127, s.128, s.129, s.164, s.166

CrPC 478 and BNSS 524: Bare Act Text Side by Side

CrPC 1973 (repealed)

Section 478, CrPC 1973

478. Power to alter functions allocated to Executive Magistrate in certain cases.—If the Legislative Assembly of a State by a resolution so permits, the State Government may, after consultation with the High Court, by notification, direct that references in sections 108, 109, 110, 145 and 147 to an Executive Magistrate shall be construed as references to a Judicial Magistrate of the first class.
BNSS 2023 (in force)

Section 524, BNSS 2023

524. Power to alter functions allocated to Executive Magistrate in certain cases.—If the Legislative Assembly of a State by a resolution so permits, the State Government may, after consultation with the High Court, by notification, direct that references in sections 127, 128, 129, 164 and 166 to an Executive Magistrate shall be construed as references to a Judicial Magistrate of the first class.

When It Applies: CrPC 478 vs BNSS 524

Under CrPC 478
  1. Section 478 CrPC applies if the Legislative Assembly of a State by a resolution so permits.
  2. Section 478 CrPC names the State Government, which may direct after consultation with the High Court, by notification.
  3. The direction is that references in Sections 108, 109, 110, 145 and 147 CrPC to an Executive Magistrate shall be construed as references to a Judicial Magistrate of the first class.
Under BNSS 524
  1. Section 524 BNSS applies if the Legislative Assembly of a State by a resolution so permits.
  2. Section 524 BNSS names the State Government, which may direct after consultation with the High Court, by notification.
  3. The direction is that references in Sections 127, 128, 129, 164 and 166 BNSS to an Executive Magistrate shall be construed as references to a Judicial Magistrate of the first class.

What CrPC 478 to BNSS 524 Means in Practice

A reader applying Section 524 BNSS looks to Sections 127, 128, 129, 164 and 166 BNSS for the references to an Executive Magistrate, where Section 478 CrPC looked to Sections 108, 109, 110, 145 and 147 CrPC.

FAQs: CrPC 478 to BNSS 524

Which BNSS section carries Section 478 CrPC from 1 July 2024?▼

From 1 July 2024, Section 478 CrPC has no sub-sections, and maps as a whole to Section 524 BNSS. The sections named in Section 478 CrPC are named in Section 524 BNSS as Sections 127, 128, 129, 164 and 166 BNSS. Section 524 BNSS is headed Power to alter functions allocated to Executive Magistrate in certain cases.

Is the text of Section 524 BNSS the same as Section 478 CrPC?▼

Section 524 BNSS has the same heading as Section 478 CrPC. The text is the same except that Section 524 BNSS refers to Sections 127, 128, 129, 164 and 166 BNSS where Section 478 CrPC refers to Sections 108, 109, 110, 145 and 147 CrPC.

Which section numbers differ between Section 478 CrPC and Section 524 BNSS?▼

Section 524 BNSS names Sections 127, 128, 129, 164 and 166 BNSS where Section 478 CrPC names Sections 108, 109, 110, 145 and 147 CrPC.

Disclaimer: This comparison is for informational purposes only. The new criminal laws came into effect on 1 July 2024. Consult a qualified advocate for legal advice.

Sources: Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 · Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 · Last updated: 21 Oct 2026 ·