IPC 195→BNS 231

IPC 195 to BNS 231: Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment

Section 195 IPC (1860) replaced by Section 231 BNS (2023)

View IPC Section 195 →View BNS Section 231 →

IPC 195 to BNS 231 at a Glance

Section 195 IPC (Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment) is now Section 231 BNS, in force from 1 July 2024. Under the BNS it is non-bailable and non-cognizable. What changed is set out below.

What Changed From IPC 195 to BNS 231?

Section 195 IPC is now Section 231 BNS, with the same title, the same operative words and the same punishment rule. The one difference is in the illustration, which says a Court where the IPC says a Court of Justice.

IPC 195 vs BNS 231: Comparison Table

AspectIPC 1860 (repealed)BNS 2023 (in force)
Section195231
OffenceGiving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonmentSame
PunishmentThe same as for the offence in question.Same
FineThe same as for the offence in question, with or without fine as that offence provides.Same
BailNon-BailableSame
CognizanceNon-CognizableSame
CompoundableNon-CompoundableSame
Triable ByCourt of SessionSame

IPC 195 and BNS 231: Bare Act Text Side by Side

IPC 1860 (repealed)

Section 195, IPC 1860

195. Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment.—Whoever gives or fabricates false evidence intending thereby to cause, or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby cause, any person to be convicted of an offence which by the law for the time being in force in India is not capital, but punishable with imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for a term of seven years or upwards, shall be punished as a person convicted of that offence would be liable to be punished. Illustration A gives false evidence before a Court of Justice, intending thereby to cause Z to be convicted of a dacoity. The punishment of dacoity is imprisonment for life, or rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years, with or without fine. A, therefore, is liable to imprisonment for life or imprisonment, with or without fine.
BNS 2023 (in force)

Section 231, BNS 2023

Whoever gives or fabricates false evidence intending thereby to cause, or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby cause, any person to be convicted of an offence which by the law for the time being in force in India is not capital, but punishable with imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for a term of seven years or upwards, shall be punished as a person convicted of that offence would be liable to be punished. Illustration. A gives false evidence before a Court, intending thereby to cause Z to be convicted of a dacoity. The punishment of dacoity is imprisonment for life, or rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years, with or without fine. A, therefore, is liable to imprisonment for life or imprisonment, with or without fine.

Ingredients: IPC 195 vs BNS 231

Under IPC 195
  1. The accused gave false evidence or fabricated false evidence
  2. The accused intended thereby to cause, or knew it to be likely that the accused would thereby cause, a person to be convicted of an offence
  3. The offence was not capital
  4. The offence was punishable with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment for a term of seven years or upwards
Under BNS 231
  1. Giving or fabricating false evidence
  2. The intention to cause a person to be convicted, or knowledge that a conviction is likely to follow
  3. An offence that is not capital but is punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment for a term of seven years or upwards

What IPC 195 to BNS 231 Means for Pending Cases

For Section 195 IPC (now Section 231 BNS): the offence and the punishment rule are unchanged, so a charge for an act done after the BNS came into force cites Section 231 BNS and is framed as before. Only the illustration differs in one phrase.

FAQs: IPC 195 to BNS 231

What changed when Section 195 IPC became Section 231 BNS?▼

The number, and one phrase in the illustration. Section 231 BNS repeats the title and the operative words of Section 195 IPC, and the punishment rule is the same. The illustration says a Court where the IPC says a Court of Justice.

Where does Section 195 IPC sit in the BNS?▼

In Section 231 BNS, in Chapter XIV, Of False Evidence and Offences Against Public Justice.

Does Section 195 IPC or Section 231 BNS apply to an act done before 1 July 2024?▼

Section 195 IPC. Section 358 BNS repealed the IPC from 1 July 2024 but saves any liability already incurred under it, so an act done before that date is still dealt with under Section 195 IPC. Section 231 BNS governs acts done on or after 1 July 2024.

Disclaimer: This comparison is for informational purposes only. The new criminal laws came into effect on 1 July 2024. Consult a qualified advocate for legal advice.

Sources: Indian Penal Code, 1860 · Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 · Last updated: 16 Oct 2026 ·