IPC 2→BNS 1(3)

IPC 2 to BNS 1(3): Punishment of offences committed within India

Section 2 IPC (1860) replaced by Section 1(3) BNS (2023)

View IPC Section 2 →View BNS Section 1(3) →

IPC 2 to BNS 1(3) at a Glance

Section 2 IPC (Punishment of offences committed within India) is now Section 1(3) BNS, in force from 1 July 2024. What changed is set out below.

What Changed From IPC 2 to BNS 1(3)?

Section 2 IPC corresponds to Section 1(3) BNS. Section 1(3) BNS preserves the substance and language of Section 2 IPC, substituting this Sanhita for this Code. The provision continues to establish the fundamental rule of territorial criminal liability for any act or omission committed within India.

IPC 2 vs BNS 1(3): Comparison Table

AspectIPC 1860 (repealed)BNS 2023 (in force)
Section21(3)
OffencePunishment of offences committed within IndiaSame
PunishmentNone. Section 2 IPC creates no offence.None. Section 1(3) BNS creates no offence.
FineNone. Section 2 IPC creates no offence.None. Section 1(3) BNS creates no offence.
BailNon-BailableSame
CognizanceNon-CognizableSame
CompoundableNon-CompoundableSame

IPC 2 and BNS 1(3): Bare Act Text Side by Side

IPC 1860 (repealed)

Section 2, IPC 1860

2. Punishment of offences committed within India.—Every person shall be liable to punishment under this Code and not otherwise for every act or omission contrary to the provisions thereof, of which he shall be guilty within India.
BNS 2023 (in force)

Section 1(3), BNS 2023

Every person shall be liable to punishment under this Sanhita and not otherwise for every act or omission contrary to the provisions thereof, of which he shall be guilty within India.

Ingredients: IPC 2 vs BNS 1(3)

Under IPC 2
  1. Every person, whether an Indian citizen or a foreign national
  2. An act or omission contrary to the provisions of the Code
  3. The person is guilty of the act or omission within Indian territory
  4. Liability to punishment under the Code and not otherwise
Under BNS 1(3)
  1. Applicability to every person regardless of nationality
  2. An act or omission contrary to the provisions of the Sanhita
  3. The individual must be guilty of the act or omission within India
  4. Liability to punishment under the Sanhita and not otherwise

What IPC 2 to BNS 1(3) Means for Pending Cases

For Section 2 IPC (now Section 1(3) BNS): under Section 1(3) BNS, the rule governing intra-territorial criminal liability is unchanged in substance, replacing this Code with this Sanhita. A charge for an act or omission committed within India after the Sanhita came into force cites the relevant offence provision under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.

FAQs: IPC 2 to BNS 1(3)

What changed from Section 2 IPC in Section 1(3) BNS?▼

Section 1(3) BNS reproduces the text of Section 2 IPC without substantive change, replacing the reference to this Code with this Sanhita.

Where does Section 2 IPC sit in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita?▼

It sits in Section 1(3) BNS, in Chapter I, Preliminary, under the heading Short title, commencement and application.

Does Section 2 IPC or Section 1(3) BNS apply to an act done before 1 July 2024?▼

Section 2 IPC. Section 358 BNS repealed the IPC from 1 July 2024 but saves any liability already incurred under it, so an act done before that date is still dealt with under Section 2 IPC. Section 1(3) BNS governs acts done on or after 1 July 2024.

Disclaimer: This comparison is for informational purposes only. The new criminal laws came into effect on 1 July 2024. Consult a qualified advocate for legal advice.

Sources: Indian Penal Code, 1860 · Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 · Last updated: 16 Oct 2026 ·